Generative AI (Gen AI) Legal Resource Guide
The rapid development of Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI) has quickly gained attention across the world. The arrival of ChatGPT, the natural-language prediction model, vaulted Gen AI into the public, including the law community. What Gen AI means for the future of the legal profession is still yet to be determined. As stated by Allison Whitten, “AI won’t replace professions like doctors, lawyers, or journalists—but those who work with AI will replace those who don’t.” (Me, Myself, and AI, Stanford Magazine). Here are some resources to assist the legal community. These resources will be updated regularly.
Last update: June 12, 2024
University of Utah’s Gen AI Guidelines
Gen AI Glossary:
Basic Terms (taken from The Artificial Intelligence Glossary)
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- Algorithms – In AI, a set of instructions or programming that tells a computer what to do in order to allow the machine to learn to operate on its ownto solve a specific problem or perform a specific task.
- Artificial Intelligence – The branch of computer science focused on the theory, development and design of computer systems that have the ability to mimic human intelligence and thought or perform tasks that normally require human intelligence.
- Deep Learning – A type of machine learning that utilizes neutral networks to mimic the human brain, using three or more layers of training to enable the AI cluster data and make predictions.
- Generative AI – A category of AI systems, including large language models, that can independently create unique, novel content, in the form of text, images, audio and more, based on the data they have previously been trained on. Unlike traditional AI systems, generative AI algorithms go beyond recognizing patterns and making predictions. Some advanced generative AI systems are not limited to their training datasets, and can learn to respond to questions or prompts containing information on which they were not previously trained.
- Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT) – The prefix to various generations of large language models from the company OpenAI. For example, GPT-3 is the third generation of GPT models.
- Large Language Models (LLM’s) – A type of deep learning algorithm or machine learning model that can perform a variety of natural language processing tasks. These include: reading, summarizing, translating, classifying, predicting and generating text words or sentences, answering questions or responding to prompts in a conversational manner and translating text from one language to another. It performs these tasks based on knowledge gained from massive datasets and supervised and reinforcement learning. LLMs are one kind of foundational model.
- Machine Learning – A broad branch of AI concerned with “teaching” AI systems to perform tasks, understand concepts or solve problems in a way that imitates intelligent human behavior, gradually becoming more accurate as it is trained on more data.
- Natural Language Processing – A branch of AI and computer science that refers to the ability of computers or software to understand and read written and spoken language in the form of text and voice data, including intent and sentiment.
- Neural Networks – A means of machine learning that mimics the human brain, and includes the ability for multiple layers of training to occur simultaneously. Neural networks are made up of millions of processing nodes and are central to deep learning.
Other Works Explaining AI:
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- The Artificial Intelligence Glossary – ALM (March 19, 2024)
- Large Language Models: AI's Legal Revolution – Pace Law Review (Dec. 2023)
- What is Generative AI? – IBM (April 20, 2023)
- AI Terms for Legal Professionals: Understanding What Powers Legal Tech
- Machine Learning, Explained – MIT Sloan (April 21, 2021)
Recent Gen AI Headlines
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- If Google Kills News Media, Who Will Feed the AI Beast? - Vanity Fair (June 3, 2024)
- OpenAI launches new AI model, GPT-4o and ChatGPT for desktop - CNBC (May 13, 2024)
- Eight Newspapers Sue OpenAI, Microsoft for Copyright Infringement - NPR (April 30, 2024)
- Generative A.I. Arrives in the Gene Editing World of CRISPR - The New York Times (April 22, 2024)
- Meta, in Its Biggest A.I. Push, Places Smart Assistants Across Its Apps - The New York Times (April 18, 2024)
- How Should I Be Using A.I. Right Now? - The New York Times (April 2, 2024)
- Washington State Judge Blocks Use of AI-Enhanced Video as Evidence in Possible First-of-its-Kind Ruling – NBC News (April 2, 2024)
- Legal Industry Players Missed a Microsoft AI Loophole That Could Expose Confidential Data – Legaltech News (March 20, 2024)
Gen AI in the Practice of Law
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- A Digital Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: How Artificial Intelligence is Set to Worsen the Access to Justice Crisis – Canada’s Slaw (June 5, 2024)
- Revolutionizing Law Firm Training with AI: The Power of Large Language Models - TechLaw Crossroads (April 26, 2024)
- Generative AI and Legal Aid: Results from a Field Study and 100 Use Cases to Bridge the Access to Justice Gap – Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review (March 14, 2024)
- New Court Rules For AI: Stop The Insanity – Original Jurisdiction (Feb. 29, 2024)
- The Legal Ethics of Generative AI – Suffolk University Law Review (Feb. 22, 2024)
- Caveat Lector: Large Language Models in Legal Practice – Rutgers Business Law Review (Feb. 16, 2024)
- The Legal Profession in 2024: AI - Harvard Law Today (Feb. 14, 2024)
- An Introduction to Artificial Intelligence for Lawyers - ABA (Feb. 13, 2024)
- Ethics 3.0 - Attorney Responsibility in the Age of Generative AI – The Business Lawyer (Feb. 1, 2024)
- Better Call GPT, Comparing Large Language Models Against Lawyers - arXiv (Jan. 24, 2024)
- ChatGPT, Esq.: Recasting Unauthorized Practice of Law in the Era of Generative AI – Yale Journal of Law & Technology (2024)
- Telling My Whole Life With AI’s Words: Ethical Considerations Regarding Attorney Use and Misuse of Artificial Intelligence – ALM (Dec. 18, 2023)
- Rating the Responses to Legal Questions by Generative AI Models – Pro Bono Net (Dec. 18, 2023)
- Lawyering in the Age of Artificial Intelligence – Minnesota Law Review (Nov. 7, 2023)
- AI Tools for Lawyers: A Practical Guide – Minnesota Law Review (March 29, 2023)
- Task Force on Law and Artificial Intelligence - ABA
Gen AI in Law School
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- OpenAI Launches 'ChatGPT Edu' for Universities - Techreport (June 1, 2024)
- 50 Days of LIT Prompts (last updated March 29, 2024)
- Teaching to the Tech: Law Schools and the Duty of Technology Competence – Washburn Law Journal (Feb. 16, 2023)
- Teaching Law in the Age of Generative AI by John Bliss (Jan. 2, 2024)
- Large Legal Fictions: Profiling Legal Hallucinations in Large Language Models by Matthew Dahl, Varun Magesh, Mirac Suzgun, Daniel E. Ho (Jan. 2, 2024)
- Generative AI, Having Already Passed the Bar Exam, Now Passes the Legal Ethics Exam - LawSites (Nov. 16, 2023)
- ChatGPT Goes to Law School by Jonathan H. Choi, Kristin E. Hickman, Amy Monahan, Daniel Schwarcz (Oct. 20, 2023)
- These law students got to use AI on final exams. How'd they do? - Reuters (Aug. 29, 2023)
- Is Resistance to AI in the Law School Classroom Futile? – Verdict (July 19, 2023)
- Exploring the AI Landscape: Unveiling the Power of Generative AI and Lexis+ AI for Legal Ed. & Practice - Dyane O’Leary, Suffolk University Law School (June 27, 2023)
- Exams in the Time of ChatGPT by Margaret Ryznar (March 28, 2023)
- ChatGPT, Professor of Law by Tammy Pettinato Oltz (Feb. 4, 2023)
Gen AI Detection Tools
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- Can Using a Grammar Checker Set Off AI-Detection Software? | EdSurge News (April 4, 2024)
- University of Maryland Develops Binoculars, an Advanced AI Detection Tool – MSN (Jan. 28, 2024)
- OpenAI confirms that AI writing detectors don’t work - Ars Technica (Sept. 8, 2023)
- Copy of Evaluating the Effectiveness of Turnitin’s AI Writing Indicator Model (Sept. 2023)
- We tested a new ChatGPT-detector for teachers. It flagged an innocent student - ProQuest
Gen AI in Higher Education
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- Living list of class AI policies excerpted and submitted by international faculty from their various syllabi: Syllabi Policies for AI Generative Tools
- AI in Education Group Meeting Notes - (resource created by Daniel Stanford)
- How Much Research Is Being Written by Large Language Models? - Stanford (May 13, 2024)
- Business Schools Are Going All In on AI - WSJ (April 3, 2024)
- Comparing UC Irvine, UC San Diego's In-House AIs for Faculty - GovTech (March 26, 2024)
- OpenAI announces first partnership with a university – CNBC (Jan. 18, 2024)
- Evaluating LLMs is a minefield – Princeton University (Oct. 4, 2023)
- Assigning AI: Seven Approaches for Students, with Prompts by Ethan R. Mollick, Lilach Mollick (Sept. 26, 2023)
- Teaching with AI - OpenAI (Aug. 31, 2023)
Gen AI in Legal Research Platforms (available to Faculty & Students only)
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- Lexis+ AI
- Lexis+ AI now available to all faculty/staff and to all students.
- Lexis+ AI Faculty Page
- Lexis+ AI Law School Integration Guide
- LexisNexis Launches Second-Generation Legal AI Assistant on Lexis+ AI
- Westlaw Precision (Thomson Reuters)
- CoCounsel (previously Casetext’s Co-Counsel)
- CoCounsel will be available soon to faculty and students.
- Thomson Reuters Lays Out Plan To Provide CoCounsel AI Assistant Across Every Professional Vertical It Serves
- Generative AI Assistant for Legal Professionals - CoCounsel
- “Ask Practical Law AI” now available.
- Bloomberg Law
- CoCounsel (previously Casetext’s Co-Counsel)
- Lexis+ AI
Other Gen AI Legal Tools
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- Wolters Kluwer
- Law Droid – AI Legal Assistants
- vLex’s Vincent GenAI (recently merged with Fastcase)
- Lawgeex - Conquer Your Contracts
- Superlegal - Get Your Contracts Ready to Sign
- Harvey AI - Generative AI for Professional Services
- DoNotPay - Your AI Consumer Champion
- Paxton Legal AI - Your Legal AI Assistant
Popular Gen AI Tools
Gen AI Presentations & Webinars
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- Creating Assessments with Generative AI – Association of American Law Schools
- AI in Legal Education PowerPoint
- Generative AI Is Doomed - Techdirt
- LunchGPT - YouTube
- Short discussions about the latest developments with AI and the law between law scholars, students, and community members from around the world.
- UC Berkeley Law School talk on Generative AI for Law and Legal Processes (dazzagreenwood.com)
- Practical AI for Teachers and Students - YouTube
- Real Talk Beyond ChatGPT: What Recent AI Advances Mean for Legal - Legaltech News
- AI for Attorneys: ChatGPT and Beyond - Smokeball On-Demand Webinar
- AI for Self-Help and Legal Aid at the Innovations in Technology Conference - Legal Talk Network
- What Does Chat GPT Mean for Us? – Penn Carey Law Presentation (March 24, 2023)
- Creating Assessments with Generative AI – Association of American Law Schools